Laser eye surgery and lens surgery are not usually offered on the NHS.

You may have laser eye surgery or lens surgery to:

• correct eyesight problems, such as astigmatism, short-sightedness (myopia) or long-sightedness
• treat eye conditions that can lead to loss of vision, such as diabetic retinopathy, complications after cataract surgery, age-related macular degeneration or glaucoma

There are several different types of laser eye surgery or lens surgery you might be offered. The type that's suitable for you will depend on factors such as your age and your eye health.

When you can get laser eye surgery and lens surgery on the NHS

Laser eye surgery and lens surgery are usually only available privately.

You may be able to get laser eye surgery on the NHS if you have:

• an eye condition that could lead to loss of vision, including blindness
• problems with your sight that cannot be corrected by wearing glasses or contact lenses

Before having laser eye surgery or lens surgery, you should have a consultation with the surgeon about:

• what will happen on the day of your surgery
• what aftercare you can expect
• what to do if there are complications

You'll usually have the surgery in hospital or at an eye clinic. It usually takes about 20 to 30 minutes.

You'll usually have a local anaesthetic in your eye. This may be eye drops or an injection. For some types of laser surgery, you might need to have a general anaesthetic.

With laser eye surgery the surgeon uses a laser to alter the shape of the outer layer of your eye (cornea). With lens surgery the surgeon will put an artificial lens in your eye.

If you need surgery on both eyes, you'll usually have them both done on the same day. But for some types of lens surgery, it's common to have your eyes done on separate days.

Exactly what will happen will depend on the specific type of laser surgery or lens surgery you're having.

After having laser eye surgery or lens surgery, you can usually go home on the same day.

There are some things you can do to help with your recovery.

Most people will have some side effects after laser eye surgery or lens surgery.

Common side effects include:

• light scatter side effects including glare, halos, floaters, starbursts and ghost images
• blurred vision
• sore eyes – the symptoms may be similar to dry eyes
• red blotches on the white of your eye

These problems will normally improve within a few months.

Contact the hospital or clinic where you had the surgery if you have side effects that do not improve.

If you have laser eye surgery or lens surgery, there's a chance you could have complications during the operation or afterwards.

The risks vary between different types of surgery. Your surgeon will explain the risks to you before the procedure.

Complications can include:

• a detached retina
• permanent, serious loss of vision
• needing a second operation – for example laser surgery to fine tune your focus, repositioning the new lens, or replacing the new lens with one of a different size
• under-treatment or over-correction, where the amount of correction in your vision is either more or less than intended
• getting age-related cataracts earlier in life than you might otherwise have done
• posterior capsule opacification (PCO) – this is where part of the lens capsule thickens and causes cloudy vision

Some types of lens implant can be removed if they are causing problems. Your vision and eye health will then be the same as it was before you had the implant.

Get help from NHS 111 if:

The Royal College of Ophthalmologists website has detailed patient guides about laser eye surgery and lens surgery:

• The Royal College of Opthalmologists: refractive surgery