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You may have to adapt your daily life if you're diagnosed with multiple sclerosis (MS), but with the right care and support many people can lead long, active and healthy lives.
Self care is an integral part of daily life. It means you take responsibility for your own health and wellbeing, with support from people involved in your care.
Self care includes the things you do each day to stay fit, maintain good physical and mental health, prevent illness or accidents, and effectively deal with minor ailments and long-term conditions.
People living with long-term conditions can benefit enormously from being supported to care for themselves.
They can live longer, have a better quality of life, and be more active and independent.
Although you'll probably be in regular contact with your care team, you should also have a comprehensive review of your care at least once a year.
This is a good opportunity to discuss your current treatment, mention any new problems you're having, think about any further support you may need, and be kept informed about any new treatments that are available.
Make sure you let your care team know about any symptoms or concerns you have. The more the team knows, the more they can help you.
There's no special diet that's been proven to slow the progression of MS, but a generally healthy, balanced diet can help you manage specific problems such as fatigue and constipation.
It can also reduce your risk of other health problems, such as heart disease.
Regular activity and exercise is important for both general health and fitness.
Research has shown specific benefits of exercise for people with MS, including reduced fatigue and improved strength, mobility, and bowel and bladder function.
Smoking is associated with an increased risk of a wide range of health conditions, and may also increase the speed at which MS gets worse.
If you smoke, stopping may help to slow the progression of your MS.
Find out more about stopping smoking
If you have significant disability related to MS, you'll usually be encouraged to get a flu jab each autumn.
But vaccines that contain live organisms, such as the BCG (TB) vaccine and one form of the shingles vaccine, may not be suitable if you're having treatment with some (but not all) of the disease-modifying therapies.
These treatments can weaken your immune system, which means live vaccines may not work or could make you ill.
Coming to terms with a long-term condition like MS can put a strain on you, your family and your friends.
It can be difficult to talk to people about your condition, even if they're close to you.
Dealing with the deterioration of symptoms, such as tremors and increasing difficulty with movement, can make people with MS very frustrated and depressed.
Inevitably, their spouse, partner or carer will feel anxious or frustrated as well.
Be honest about how you feel, and let your family and friends know what they can do to help.
If you have any questions, your MS nurse or GP may be able to reassure you or let you know about other support that's available.
You may find it helpful to talk to a trained counsellor or psychologist, or to someone at a specialist helpline.
Some people find it helpful to talk to other people who have MS, either at a local support group or in an internet chatroom.
It's worth taking time to think about your specific needs and what you might need to achieve the best quality of life.
For example, if your balance and co-ordination are affected, you may want to think about equipment and home adaptations.
It may be useful to read your guide to care and support.
It includes information and advice on:
If you have a family member, partner or friend who needs ongoing care or support with day-to-day life you can also read about working and supporting someone’s health or care on GOV.UK.
Being diagnosed with MS shouldn't affect your ability to have children.
But some of the medicine prescribed for MS may affect fertility in both men and women.
If you're considering starting a family, discuss it with your healthcare team, who can offer advice.
Women with MS can have a normal pregnancy, deliver a healthy baby and breastfeed afterwards.
Having a baby doesn't affect the long-term course of MS.
Relapses tend to be less common in pregnancy, although they can be more common in the months after giving birth.
You may need to continue taking medicine throughout your pregnancy.
But some medicine shouldn't be taken during pregnancy, so it's important to discuss this with your healthcare team.
If you have to stop work or work part time because of your MS, you may find it difficult to cope financially.
You may be entitled to one or more of the following types of financial support:
If you have been diagnosed with MS, you must tell the Driver and Vehicle Licensing Agency (DVLA) and also inform your insurance company.
In many cases, you'll be able to continue driving, but you'll be asked to complete a form providing more information about your condition, as well as details of your doctors and specialists.
The DVLA will use this to decide whether you're fit to drive.
